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Tourist Guide - Classical Bologna
THE BOLOGNA EXPERIENCE
Bologna is the capital of this prosperous region of Italy: Emilia Romagna. Not yet contaminated by mass tourism, the city is the ideal choice for cultural interludes as well as leisure activities and relaxation. Bologna has a number of nicknames: la dotta (the learned) for its ancient university, la rossa (the red) for the warm colour of its roofs and houses, and la grassa (the fat) for the wonderful food.
THE BEST OF BOLOGNA IN...
HALF A DAY
 Piazza Maggiore
This square has been the heart of Bologna for 2500 years. And it really is a heart, because the people of Bologna don't merely go "to town" like other Italians would; they call it "going to the piazza". This airy, open space is lined with the city's most important buildings: the Palazzo d'Accursio, the seat of the city council, Palazzo Re Enzo, Palazzo del Podestà, the majestic Basilica of San Petronio, the elegant Fountain of Neptune, Palazzo dei Notai and the imposing Palazzo de' Banchi.
 Palazzo Accursio
Made up of buildings which cover 300 years of the city's lively history, from 1200 to 1500, this is the prestigious seat of the city's governing body and its majestic halls are decorated with works of enchanting beauty.
 The Palazzo del Podesta'
An austere thirteenth-century building disguised as an elegant Renaissance residence, it is decorated with thousands of stone tiles which tell of its ancient history.
 The Sala Borsa
At the end of the 19th century, after the removal of the Cardinal's private gardens, this area was occupied by the splendid Stock Exchange in Art Nouveau style which we can still admire today. The floor in glass allows visitors to view remains of the great Roman city of Bononia.
 Fountain of Neptune
The symbol of sixteenth-century elegance, the clear waters of this fountain were never intended to quench the thirst of the Bolognesi but gushed forth instead in celebration of the power of the Pope.
 Palazzo Re Enzo
The city's sinister medieval prisons. Two seventeenth-century gallows betray the cruelty of a time when there was no such thing as a pardon.
 Basilica of San Petronio
The building of this majestic Collegiate Church of indescribable charm was begun in 1390. Its uncompleted façade shows the sweetness of the Madonnina by Jacopo della Quercia, while masterpieces of Italian art in paintings, sculptures, and glass from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance may be found inside the basilica itself. There is also a Time Machine, a sundial whose accuracy and charm still amazes people today.
 The Archiginnasio and the Anatomy Theatre
Located in an elegant 16th-century building, the Archiginnasio was built as the first "single" seat of the University of Bologna, Europe's oldest University. On the first floor we find the awesome Anatomy Theatre where corpses were sawn up during medicine and anatomy lessons.
 The medieval market and the loggia dei mercanti
Through the busy narrow alleyways of the market we reach the Palazzo which was the seat of the Merchants' Forum. Built in the fourteenth century, its gothic style still attracts.
 Complex of Santo Stefano
Known as the Holy Jerusalem of Bologna for its symbolic connections with the sites of the Passion of Christ, there is still a Benedictine monastery here today whose origins go back to the dawn of Christianity. There is also a Byzantine church almost 1500 years old, a Romanesque church and an atmospheric crypt as well as two cloisters of matchless beauty. A historic and artistic experience not to be missed.
 The two towers
Two, two hundred, the "forest of stone". This is Bologna and her legendary towers. Our itinerary comes to an end at the foot of these symbols of Bologna which have benevolently watched over the city since the Middle Ages.
IN ONE DAY
For those who have a little more time,
the above itinerary could be extended to include:
 San Giacomo and the oratory of Santa Cecilia
An old thirteenth-century church midway between the Romanesque and the gothic and featuring a huge number of works of extraordinary importance. Time has set the little Oratory of Santa Cecilia here, today considered Bologna's "Sistine Chapel" for the beauty of the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century pictorial cycle with which the walls are entirely clad.
 San Domenico
1000 extraordinary works are preserved in this church. It contains one of the most beautiful inlaid wooden choir stalls in the world while the thirteenth-century tomb of the Saint dominates over everything, enriched and completed in the 1500s by the matchless work of Michelangelo.
...OR
 The Sanctuary of San Luca
According to tradition, the Greek pilgrim Theocles received from the canons of the church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople an image of the Virgin Mary painted by Luke the Evangelist, and promised to take it to the Mount of the Guard. When he reached Rome, he discovered that the Mount was to be found in Bologna and the canvas was taken there in 1160. As a tribute to the image, a church was built at the top of the hill and the same church has protected the city for a thousand years. With its 666 arches, the portico which leads from the centre of Bologna to the sanctuary is the longest in the world. It makes an enjoyable walk for the more intrepid visitor.
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